Windows 10 – Logout / Switch User Sleep / Shutdown / Restart / Lock

To sleep shutdown or restart the Windows 10 machine
Method 1
Press the Windows start button or click on Start menu icon. There is a “Power button” icon at the bottom of the start screen just above "All apps". Click on it. It will show a sub-menu with three menu items named "Sleep",  “Shutdown” and “Restart”. See the picture below. Click on the desired item.




Method 2
Press Ctrl+Alt+Del. In the appeared screen at the right bottom corner there will be "Power icon". Click on it. It will show a sub-menu with three menu items named "Sleep",  “Shutdown” and “Restart”. See the picture below. Click on the desired item



To Logout, Lock and Switch user the Windows 10 machine
Press the Windows start button or click on Start menu icon. At the top of the Start menu there is a “Username” icon. Click on it. It will show menu with items named “Change Account Picture”, “Lock” and “Sign Out”. Below that it will list other users. See the picture below. Clicking on one of the user in the user list shown will switch to that user.

Creating Users in Windows 10 - The Old Way

 

Press Windows Key and R. Type “compmgmt.msc” in the appeared dialog box and press enter

OR

Press Windows Key and type “Run” in the start menu search box and press enter. Type “compmgmt.msc” in the appeared dialog box and press enter

OR

Press Windows Key and type “compmgmt.msc” in the start menu search box and press enter

 

 

In the appeared window, expand the item “Local Users and Groups”. Select the sub-item “Users”. In the middle pane you will see the list of users.

 

Right click on the middle pane. In the appeared context menu, click on “New User...”

 

In the appeared “New User” dialog box enter values in the field “Username”, “Password” and “Confirm Password”. You can select the check box below as desired. Click on “Create” button.

 

The user will be created but the dialog box will remain there. Click on Close button. You will be able to see the user as shown below

Adding a Local User in Windows 10

 

Click on Start Menu or Press Windows key. This will make the Start Menu visible.

Click on PC Settings.

 

  

In the appeared PC Settings window click on “User and accounts” menu item in the left Panel

 

 

  In the appeared screen click on “Other Users” menu item (the last one).

 

 

In the appeared right pane of this screen click on “Add Users”

 

 

Now in the new screen click on the link at the bottom “Sign in without a Microsoft account (Not recommended)”

 

 

Click on “Local Account” button at the bottom of the new screen

 

 

Now fill in the text boxes “Username”, “Password”, “Renter Password” and “Password hint” and then click on Next button.

 

  

Click on “Finish” button as shown below

 

 

As you can see below the user account is created

Windows 10–Some Images

 

Desktop with start menu open

Windows Explorer (“My Computer” changed to “This PC”)

 

PC Settings Window

 

Language Settings Window

mkdir command

 

This command is used to create a new directory. The various formats of the command are as follows

mkdir <directory_name> ......

This will create a new directory with the name “directory_name” in the current directory.

mkdir <path/directory_name> .....

This will create a new directory with the name “directory_name” in the specified path. The parent directories should exist for this to work properly. Otherwise it will throw error.

mkdir -m <MODE> [other options] <directory_name> ... | <path/directory_name> ...

OR

mkdir -m<MODE> [other options] <directory_name> ... | <path/directory_name> ...

This will create a new directory with the name “directory_name” in the current directory or specified path with the permission as specified by the “MODE” value. If other options (except –help and –version) are specified “mkdir” will take care of that also while creating directories.

mkdir -p [other options] <path/directory_name> ...

This will create a new directory with the name “directory_name” in the specified path with the creation of parent directories as needed. If the parent directory already exists, there is no problem. If it doesn't the command will create the directory. If other options (except –help and –version) are specified “mkdir” will take care of that also while creating directories.

mkdir -v [other options] <directory_name>... | <path/directory_name>...

A message is outputted for each of the created directories. If the directory already exists no message is shown.

mkdir –-help

Shows the help for the command

mkdir –-version

Shows the version of the command

Creating multiple directories at a stretch

mkdir <directory1> <directory2> <path/directory3> ....

This will create all the directories. You can use any options (except –help and --version) of the “mkdir” command along with this.

Examples

Creating a directory named “test” in the current directory.

mkdir test

Creating a directory named “test” in the directory “/tmp/testabc/”. The directories “/tmp” and “/tmp/testabc” already exists.

mkdir /tmp/testabc/test

Creating a directory named “test” in the current directory with permission 644

mkdir -m644 test

Creating a directory named “test” in the directory “/tmp/testabc/” with permission 555. The directories “/tmp” and “/tmp/testabc” already exists.

mkdir -m555 /tmp/testabc/test

Creating a directory named “test” in the path “/testabc/hai/monday/week/day”. None of the directories in the path exists, except “/”

mkdir -p /testabc/hai/monday/week/day/test

Creating a directory named “hello” in the path “/hai/month/week/day” with permission 700. None of the directories in the path exists, except “/”

mkdir -pm700 /hai/monday/week/day/hello